Earth Summit & its importance

 

WHAT IS EARTH SUMMIT

Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 3-14 June 1992. This global conference held on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the first Human Environment Conference in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1972, brought together political leaders, diplomats, scientists, representatives of the media and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) from 179 countries for a massive effort to focus on the impact of human socio-economic activities on the environment.

BACKGROUND

The 1972 United Nations Conference on the Environment in Stockholm was the first world conference to make the environment a major issue. The Stockholm Declaration, which contained 26 principles regarding economic growth, the pollution of the air, water, and oceans and the well-being of people around the world. This was the beginning of the earth summit.

The first gathering on sustainability was the 1992 EarthSummit in Rio de Janeir, Brazil. The Earth Summit- the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) June 3-14-produced. Main decisions of summit are,

 Agenda 21 - recommended list of development practices for Sustainable development.

 Forest principles - set of non-binding recommendations for conservation and sustainable development of forestry.

 Rio Declaration - consisted of 27 principles to guide countries in future sustainable development.

Rio+5 June 23-27, 1997 in New York was ended without significant action. The Summit noted many shortfalls in progress, particularly failures to achieve an increase in monetary aid and technical assistance to developing nations.

The 2002 World Summit (Rio+10) on Sustainable Development was held in in Johannesburg, South Africa in August 2002 to produce the action plan called Johannesburg Plan of Implementation(JPI).Sustainable consumption and production, Water and Sanitation, Energy, Oceans, Biodiversity, Chemicals, Education, Forests and Trees, Corporate Accountability and Small Island States are the Key commitments of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation.

Rio+20, the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development scheduled for June 20-21, 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Two major topic areas were identified for Rio +20: the green economy and the institutional framework for sustainable development.

On 2 and 3 June 2022, a crucial international environmental meeting was held in Stockholm, Sweden (Stockholm+50). The theam of the Stockholm +50 was “a healthy planet for the prosperity of all – our responsibility, our opportunity”. 2030 agenda which recall the plan of united nation includes Paris Agreement on climate change, global Biodiversity Framework, encourage the adoption of green post-COVID-19 recovery plans

Sri Lanka joined to the United nation(UN) in 14th of December in 1955. Since on that day we also following earth summit convention which related to united nation. we are following their rules and regulation (UN) and decision for sustainable development.

MAIN TARGETS

 Protection of atmosphere

 Convention on Biological Diversity

Written by

K.W.D. Rathnayaka, R.M.B.C. Rathnayaka and W.M.G Sachinda